古代“舌尖上的中国” | 清汤VS红汤?看看古人怎么吃火锅!
穿越千年的火锅香
The tripods of Zhou dynasty may be the earliest prototypes of the hot pot. Diners among the nobility each had a personal pot made of bronze, and called ran lu (燃炉). The main part of ran lu was a small stove with a small pot above burning charcoal.
周王朝的三脚鼎可能是最早的火锅原型。豪门贵族的食客都有个人专用的罐,是用青铜制成的,叫燃炉。燃炉的主体是一个小火炉,上面有一个小锅,下面燃烧着木炭。
——维基百科
During the Qing dynasty, hot pot became popular among the emperors. In particular, the Qianlong Emperor was very fond of hot pot and would eat it for almost every meal.
在清朝,火锅开始在皇帝中流行起来。乾隆皇帝特别喜欢吃火锅,几乎每顿饭都吃。
古人的“火锅必吃菜”
◆锅底
The wild ancestor of the tomato is native to western South America. The Spanish first introduced tomatoes, which was originally named "lycopersicum (wolf peach)", to Europe in 16th century.
野生番茄的祖先原产于南美西部,西班牙人在16世纪把番茄引进欧洲。番茄起初被称作"lycopersicum(狼桃)"。
The tomato's ability to mutate and create new and different varieties helped contribute to its spread throughout the new land.
番茄能变异并创造出新的不同的品种,这有助于它在新的种植地传播开来。
However, both toxic and inedible varieties discouraged many people from attempting to consume them or plant any other varieties.
然而,那些有毒和不能吃的品种,让许多人对番茄避而不食,也打消了人们种植其他品种的念头。
Thus in Europe, the tomato was initially grown as an ornamental plant, until it was used as food by the early 17th century in Spain, and incorperated into Italian cusine in the late 17th or early 18th century.
因此在欧洲,番茄最 先是被当做装饰植物而种植的。直到17世纪早期,和17世纪末18世纪初,西班牙人和意大利人才分别把番茄放进菜谱。
这种古代酱料叫做“醢”(hǎi)。关于其作法,东汉的学问家郑玄告诉了我们一个大概:
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